Final answer:
The amount deducted from Maria Whetstone's weekly paycheck for Social Security is $31.13 and for Medicare is $7.28, which does not match any of the provided options.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the amount deducted from Maria Whetstone's paycheck this week for Social Security and Medicare, we apply the respective deduction percentages to her gross weekly income of $502.16. For Social Security at 6.2%, the calculation will be $502.16 * 0.062, which equals approximately $31.13. For Medicare at 1.45%, the calculation will be $502.16 * 0.0145, which gives approximately $7.28.
Therefore, the amount deducted from her paycheck this week for Social Security is $31.13 and for Medicare is $7.28. The correct answer to the student's question is neither of the provided options as they do not match the calculated values.