Final answer:
Pythagoras is credited with the original naming of the musical scale notes, deeply linking music with mathematics and cosmic harmony.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who is credited with originally naming the notes of the scale is none other than Pythagoras. This ancient Greek philosopher, known for his work in mathematics and music, believed that the universe operated on mathematical laws. These laws extended into the realms of music and cosmic harmony, creating what is known as 'the harmony of the spheres'.
Pythagoras taught that planets produced a note based on their distance from earth, contributing to the overall perfect harmony. The Pythagoreans had a profound belief in the numerical solutions to the universe's mysteries, which prominently included musical ratios and harmonies.
Clearly, the correct answer is B. Pythagoras.