Question

Write a summary on each of the 5 Enlightenment Thinkers' philosophies on government.

Answer 1

Thomas Hobbes believed in an absolute monarchy, while John Locke advocated for natural rights and the social contract. Jean-Jacques Rousseau supported direct democracy, Baron de Montesquieu proposed separation of powers, and Voltaire championed freedom of speech and religion.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Thomas Hobbes: Hobbes believed that people are inherently selfish and need a strong ruler to maintain order. He argued for an absolute monarchy.
2. John Locke: Locke believed in natural rights and the social contract. He argued that government should protect people's rights and that citizens have the right to revolt if the government fails to do so.
3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Rousseau advocated for direct democracy and believed that the general will of the people should guide the government.
4. Baron de Montesquieu: Montesquieu proposed the idea of separation of powers in government to prevent tyranny and promote checks and balances.
5. Voltaire: Voltaire championed freedom of speech, religion, and separation of church and state. He believed in a limited monarchy.