Final answer:
Jubilee is the category of spiritual songs that convey jubilation, happiness, and triumph, characterized by a fast tempo and rhythmic stamping, and often featuring call-and-response and syncopated rhythms. These songs, along with body movements like clapping and dancing, draw from African heritage and are a form of spiritual resistance and affirmation of faith. The correct answer is option: C. Jubilee.
Step-by-step explanation:
- The category of the spiritual characterized by a fast tempo, conveying jubilation, happiness, and triumph while exalting Jesus and rejecting Satan is known as Jubilee. This form is part of the rich tapestry of African American spiritual songs which include various forms like shouts, anthems, and jubilees.
- Jubilees typically feature exciting tempos and rhythmic stamps, which often involve the use of call-and-response form, syncopated rhythms, and the use of "blue" notes. These elements combine to express hope and a resilient spirit of overcoming adversity, drawing on both Biblical inspiration and the African heritage of enslaved individuals, which is reflected in body movements such as hand-clapping, foot-stomping, and dance.
- In contrast to the sorrow songs, which are slow and evoke the pain and suffering experienced by the enslaved, jubilees offer a message of hope and triumph, resonating with the worship styles of the Methodist and Baptist churches that many enslaved people were drawn to.
- These styles of worship allowed for an emotional response to the scripture and were reflected in the spirited religious gatherings characterized by the energetic combination of singing and dancing well into the night. The jubilee, with its uplifting spirit, served as a form of spiritual resistance and affirmation of faith, providing strength and a sense of community among enslaved Africans.