Final answer:
When providing end-of-life care with fentanyl patches, common side effects include drowsiness, lethargy, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. These effects should be communicated to the client and family, and constipation can often be managed with interventions. The nurse should ensure supportive care for side effects to enhance the patient's quality of life.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nurse providing information to a client and family about fentanyl patches used in end-of-life care should be aware of its common side effects. Fentanyl, being a potent prescription opioid, can cause a range of adverse effects, even when taken as directed. It is crucial to communicate these to the patient and their loved ones to ensure they know what to expect and when to seek medical advice.
Common Adverse Effects of Fentanyl
Drowsiness and lethargy are indeed expected side effects of fentanyl. As a narcotic, it can reduce pain with drowsiness and loss of consciousness, particularly at higher doses.
Contrary to the statement that constipation is not common, constipation is actually a typical side effect of opioids like fentanyl and should be anticipated.
Increased appetite is generally not associated with fentanyl use; rather, patients might experience a decrease in appetite.
Nausea and vomiting are also common with opioid use, and therefore, they are potential side effects when using fentanyl patches.
It is important for the client and family to be informed that these side effects are part of the medication's action and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. Constipation, in particular, can often be managed with appropriate interventions. Monitoring and supportive care for side effects can substantially improve the client's quality of life during end-of-life care.