Final answer:
The stoma is not part of a nerve cell; it is a structure found in plants. The axolemma, dendrites, and axon are all key components of a nerve cell, related to signal transmission and nerve cell function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure that is not part of a nerve cell is c) Stoma. The components of a nerve cell, or neuron, include the axolemma (the cell membrane of the axon), dendrites (branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons), and the axon itself (which transmits electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body).
The term stoma refers to a pore on the surface of a plant leaf or stem, which is involved in gas exchange, and is not found in nerve cells.The axolemma is an important part of the neuron, as it forms the plasma membrane around the axon, critical for maintaining the electrical potential of the nerve cell. Dendrites bring the electrical signal to the neuron's cell body, and the axon carries the signal away from the soma, to be transmitted to another neuron or muscle. In contrast, a stoma is a botanic feature unrelated to the nervous system.