Final answer:
Synergy is the increased effectiveness resulting from combined action or cooperation, which can be seen in bureaucracies, biological systems, and corporate associations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The increased effectiveness that results from combined action or cooperation is known as synergy. Synergy often emerges in various contexts such as in bureaucracy, where it can lead to increased productivity and efficiency, as well as in biological systems, where cooperative interactions within organisms promote efficiency in the use of energy and matter. Additionally, corporations might form an association to harness the strength in numbers, address common industry issues, and mutually benefit from governmental policies, which are all facets of synergy in a business context.