Final answer:
Transduction is the process by which sensory receptors convert stimuli such as thermal, mechanical, or chemical into electrical signals transmitted to the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which intense thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimuli are detected by a subpopulation of peripheral nerve fibers is known as transduction. During transduction, the sensory receptors convert different forms of stimuli into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. This is essential for senses like pain and temperature, where receptors known as nociceptors and thermoreceptors are activated by potentially damaging or temperature-varying stimuli, respectively. When these receptors are stimulated, they transmit signals to the brain as an electrical signal.