Final answer:
The answer is 'planned independent requirements', which refer to the calculated material requirements based on forecasted sales for efficient production and inventory planning. Therefore correct option is A
Step-by-step explanation:
Requirements that are calculated based on forecasted sales are known as planned independent requirements. These requirements are used within the planning process of businesses, especially in supply chain management, to determine the amount of product that needs to be produced or ordered to meet future demand as estimated by sales forecasts. This concept is crucial for inventory control, production planning, and materials requirement planning to ensure that the business can meet customer demand without carrying excess inventory, leading to increased efficiency and cost savings.