Question

in the biodiesel synthesis, a small amount of potassium carbonate is added to the reaction mixture. why is this added? (choose all that apply)

Answer 1

Potassium carbonate is added to the biodiesel synthesis reaction to neutralize free fatty acids, preventing soap formation and ensuring a greater yield of biodiesel.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the synthesis of biodiesel, a small amount of potassium carbonate is added to the reaction mixture for a few reasons. One main reason is to neutralize any free fatty acids present in the vegetable oil. This is important as free fatty acids can react with the lye (a strong alkali used in the biodiesel process) and create soap instead of biodiesel, which would reduce the yield of the desired biodiesel product. Additionally, the potassium carbonate acts as a mild catalyst to help facilitate the transformation without being consumed in the reaction. This concept is similar to the historical use of potassium carbonate in the 18th century to determine the strength of vinegar by adding it until bubbling ceased, indicating that all the acetic acid had reacted.