Final answer:
The royalties collected on sales of physical albums are called mechanical royalties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is a) Mechanical royalties. Mechanical royalties are the royalties collected on sales of physical albums. These royalties are paid to the songwriters and composers for the right to reproduce their music on physical formats like CDs and vinyl records.
For example, when an artist releases a physical album and sells it in stores or online, a portion of the sale price goes towards the mechanical royalties to compensate the songwriters for their work.
This is different from other types of royalties like performance royalties (collected from live performances) and synchronization royalties (collected from using music in TV shows or movies). Digital royalties, on the other hand, refer to royalties collected from online streaming and digital downloads.