Final answer:
In the open systems model, 'b) Suppliers' are part of the operating environment, which is constituted by elements with direct impact on an organization's ability to operate.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the open systems model, the factor that would be part of the operating environment is b) Suppliers. The open systems model in business context refers to the concept that an organization is influenced by, and interacts with, its external environment. The operating environment includes various elements that directly affect the company's ability to serve its customers, such as suppliers, customers, competitors, and regulatory agencies.
Suppliers are crucial as they provide the necessary inputs, like raw materials or services, that an organization needs to create its products or services. A harmonious relationship with suppliers can lead to better prices, higher quality goods, and a more reliable supply chain, therefore influencing the organization's effectiveness and efficiency.