Final answer:
Nelson Mandela highlighted race-based inequalities under apartheid by using a combination of personal experience, legal documentation, and universal principles of equality to support his claims, effectively applying ethos, pathos, and logos.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nelson Mandela pointed out inequalities related to race and social justice in apartheid South Africa. He supported these claims by citing real-world examples and the laws that enforced segregation. Mandela used different types of evidence, such as personal testimony, historical context, and legal documentation of apartheid policies. This evidence appealed to ethos, pathos, and logos to make a persuasive argument against the inequalities of the system.
In his speeches and writings, Mandela often supported his claims with textual evidence drawn from the apartheid legislation itself, which clearly delineated the rights of the black population as inferior to those of whites. Additionally, Mandela used his own life story as a symbol of the struggle against apartheid, which added to his credibility (ethos) and also touched on people's emotions (pathos), while his reasoned arguments and appeals to universal principles of equality and justice illustrated his use of logos.