Final answer:
The rules of polite behavior used in public and when interacting with others are known as etiquette, which encompasses social norms, mores, and folkways. These rules vary across cultures and situations, and they are typically learned through observation and socialization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The set of rules governing polite behavior, which should be used in public and when dealing with others, are known as etiquette. These rules address matters such as dress, table manners, and general politeness. While they may not carry the weight of legal consequences, violations of etiquette can lead to social censure and are seen as being rude or crude. Every culture has its own forms of etiquette, which can include norms on how to greet people, use technology in social settings, and interact in various day-to-day activities. Mores and folkways also play a role in shaping this behavior, as they represent customs and rules of conduct that define how to behave in accordance with what a society has defined as good, right, and important.
Informal norms are also an essential aspect of cultural behavior, dictating appropriate behaviors without written rules. These can include social norms such as not using a cell phone at the dining table, maintaining privacy in certain regions, or understanding the implicit rules behind a casual greeting. Cultural expressions will dictate whether certain behaviors like giving a high five or wrapping an arm around a friend are appropriate. These informal rules are often learned through observation, imitation, and general socialization within a society.