Final answer:
Edgar Allan Poe establishes expectations in his writing that he then shatters with an unexpected twist, creating a powerful sense of irony. option b is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Edgar Allan Poe creates irony in his stories by skillfully manipulating the reader's expectations and then introducing unexpected outcomes. For instance, Poe often sets up expectations by describing a seemingly typical situation or character that readers can easily surmise.
Then, he subverts these expectations with an unforeseen twist that often involves grim or macabre elements, which is a hallmark of his narrative style.
To create irony, Poe might describe a character who appears to be trustworthy and benevolent, leading readers to expect that this character will act for the good of others (a). However, Poe may then reveal that this character has ulterior motives or a dark secret, leading to a shocking and contrary outcome to what was initially expected (b).