Final answer:
Maintenance costs for test equipment in a COQ report are considered appraisal costs, which are for ensuring products meet quality standards and are distinct from external failure costs associated with after-sale product failures.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a Cost of Quality (COQ) report, maintenance costs for test equipment would be classified as appraisal costs. These costs are associated with the evaluation or inspection of products and services to ensure they meet quality standards and are not part of manufacturing expenses. Appraisal costs cover activities like quality audits, supplier rating, and the maintenance of test equipment. The primary goal of these activities is to prevent defective products from reaching customers. Therefore, these costs do not align with external failure costs, which relate to costs associated with product failures after being delivered to customers, such as warranty replacements or loss of customer loyalty.
Thinking in broader terms about the shift in economic principles, high-quality goods become more desirable, and products are engineered to last longer and be more easily repairable. This move away from a disposable economy means a greater emphasis on craftsmanship and community resources. Durable goods with lifetime warranties will be valued over items designed for planned obsolescence, reinforcing the importance of investing in maintenance and the longevity of products.