Final answer:
Projective tests are rooted in the psychoanalysis paradigm, originated by Sigmund Freud, and they aim to uncover unconscious feelings and desires. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Projective tests are based on the psychoanalysis paradigm. These tests, such as the Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), assess unconscious processes. The assumption is that people project their own unconscious feelings onto ambiguous stimuli.
The paradigm of projective tests contrasts with behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors and their relationship with the environment, and cognitive psychology, which studies the intricacies of human thinking. Humanism, on the other hand, emphasizes the inherent potential for good in humans and personal agency. Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, employed methods such as case studies to develop his theories.