Final answer:
The bold words in the textbook excerpt are bolded because they are defined in the book's glossary, and they represent important concepts in the study of the Sun and stars.
Step-by-step explanation:
The words "matter," "photosphere," "fusion," and "Kelvin" are bolded in the paragraph because bold words are defined in the book's glossary. These terms are likely technical vocabulary related to the study of the Sun and stars, which would be explained in the glossary to help readers understand their meanings in the context of the topic. For instance, 'matter' refers to the substance that makes up the Sun and all objects in the universe, the 'photosphere' is the visible surface layer of the Sun, 'fusion' is the process that powers stars, including the Sun, by combining lighter elements into heavier ones, and 'Kelvin' is a unit of measurement for temperature used in the physical sciences.