Final answer:
Complementary colors are opposite each other on the color wheel and create visual tension, while analogous colors are next to each other and blend smoothly.
Step-by-step explanation:
Complementary colors are colors that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel, such as red and green or blue and orange. These colors create a visual tension when placed next to each other and suggest energy and action.
Analogous colors, on the other hand, are colors that are next to each other on the color wheel, such as red and orange or blue and green. These colors blend together smoothly and create a calm atmosphere.
For example, in the painting The Boating Party by Mary Cassatt, analogous colors are used to create a serene atmosphere, while complementary colors are often used for university colors and sport team logos where a bold and energetic effect is desired.