Final answer:
The correct answer is d.) The data collected for Santos' research utilized the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), a self-report study that asks people in the United States about the frequency and types of crime they have experienced. One disadvantage of the NCVS is that it may miss certain groups of people.
Step-by-step explanation:
The data collected for Santos' research utilized the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The NCVS is a self-report study that collects data through voluntary response methods like questionnaires and telephone interviews.
The survey asks approximately 160,000 people in the United States about the frequency and types of crime they have experienced.
One disadvantage of the NCVS is that it may miss certain groups of people, such as those without phones or those who move frequently.