Final answer:
The pH of lemon juice with [H+] of 5.0×10⁻² M is 1.3. The difference in hydrogen ion concentration between lemon juice and tomato juice is 100 times, corresponding to the 2 unit difference in their pH values.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pH of lemon juice can be calculated using the formula pH = -log[H+]. Given that the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] is 5.0×10⁻² M, we can calculate the pH as follows:
pH = -log(5.0×10⁻²) = -(-1.3) = 1.3
Therefore, the correct answer to what the pH of lemon juice is would be option d) 1.3.
When comparing the hydrogen ion concentration of lemon juice and tomato juice, we see that lemon juice has a pH of approximately 2.0 and tomato juice has a pH of about 4.0. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each step is a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. Thus, the difference in pH between lemon juice and tomato juice is 2 pH units, indicating that lemon juice has a hydrogen ion concentration 100 times greater than that of tomato juice.
The answer to the question about the increase in hydrogen ion concentration between tomato juice and lemon juice is c) 100 times.