Final answer:
Osmosis is the process by which water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a membrane, and it is a type of passive transport.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process most closely associated with the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration is osmosis. This is a type of passive transport where water moves through a semipermeable membrane via aquaporins to equalize solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is (c) Osmosis; low concentration to high concentration.
Diffusion generally refers to the movement of substances other than water. In diffusion, substances move from an area of high concentration to low concentration to eliminate the concentration gradient, which is a form of potential energy. While osmosis specifically involves the movement of water due to a concentration gradient across a membrane, active transport involves the movement of substances against the gradient and requires cellular energy (ATP).