Final answer:
The balanced chemical equation for nitrogen and hydrogen reacting to produce ammonia is N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g), with a 1:3:2 mole ratio for nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen (N₂) and hydrogen (H₂) to produce ammonia (NH₃) is represented as follows:
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g)
In this reaction, 1 mole of nitrogen reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen to form 2 moles of ammonia. This means that the mole ratio of hydrogen to ammonia is 3:2. When 1.00 mol of N₂ and 3.00 mol of H₂ are mixed, the amounts exactly correspond with the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation, thus providing an ideal mix for the reaction without any excess reactants.