Final answer:
Vehicle manufacturers have made progress in preventing injuries by implementing crumple zones, head restraints, and airbags.
Step-by-step explanation:
Over the years, vehicle manufacturers have made significant progress in preventing injuries through various safety measures.
a. Crumple zones: Modern cars are designed with crumple zones, which are areas of the vehicle that are engineered to absorb and distribute energy during a collision. This helps to reduce the force exerted on the passengers and increase the collision time, reducing the likelihood and severity of injuries.
b. Head restraints: Head restraints, also known as headrests, are designed to limit the movement of the head during a rear-end collision. They help to prevent whiplash injuries by keeping the head and neck supported and aligned with the body.
c. Airbags: Airbags are crucial safety devices that deploy rapidly upon impact to minimize serious injuries to passengers. They work by reducing the force with which the passengers collide with the vehicle's interior during a crash.
d. All of the above: The progress made by vehicle manufacturers to prevent injuries includes the implementation of all the mentioned safety features, including crumple zones, head restraints, and airbags.