Final answer:
A change in altitude for a runner preparing for the La Paz Marathon in Bolivia results in increased endurance, decreased oxygen availability, and enhanced recovery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of a change in altitude on a runner preparing for the La Paz Marathon in Bolivia, who was invited to Lima for prerace, includes increased endurance, decreased oxygen availability, and enhanced recovery.
Altitude affects runners due to the decreased oxygen concentration at higher altitudes. This can lead to a condition called acute mountain sickness (AMS) with symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, and lightheadedness. However, over time, the body can acclimatize to the high altitude, resulting in increased endurance and enhanced recovery.
Although altitude can improve speed in some athletes due to increased lung capacity and improved oxygen consumption, this is not guaranteed for every individual. Therefore, the main effects on a runner preparing for the La Paz Marathon in Bolivia would be increased endurance, decreased oxygen availability, and enhanced recovery.