Final answer:
The correct answer is 'd. No trust' in street drug producers due to lack of regulation, and the losers in the system are those who may have delayed access to new treatments due to FDA approval processes. In drug safety testing, a Type II error is failing to conclude a drug is safe when it actually is safe.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding the trust in producers of street drugs to make drugs safe for consumer use, the advisable answer would be d. No trust. Street drugs are not regulated by any authoritative body such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which means there is no oversight to ensure their safety or efficacy.
This lack of regulation makes street drugs inherently risky and potentially dangerous. Concerning the losers in the system of drug regulation by the FDA, they are often the people who need new medical treatments that are still in the developmental or approval phase.
These individuals might suffer from conditions for which existing treatments are ineffective, and the lengthy FDA approval process can delay their access to new, potentially life-saving drugs. Moreover, strict medical regulations can lead to increased costs in drug development, which can result in higher prices for consumers and can impede small companies with limited resources from entering the market.
For the question about a Type II error in the context of drug safety testing, b. Not to conclude the drug is safe when, in fact, it is safe is the correct answer. A Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is falsely accepted. In this case, the null hypothesis is that the drug is unsafe, so a Type II error involves failing to recognize a safe drug's safety.