Final answer:
The time taken by the cannonball to cover a horizontal distance of 315.5 meters with a horizontal velocity of 56.9 m/s is calculated using the formula for constant velocity, yielding 5.54 seconds as the answer (Answer A).
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the time taken by the cannonball to travel a horizontal distance of 315.5 meters, we can use the formula for horizontal motion. In this case, the initial horizontal velocity is 56.9 m/s and the horizontal distance is 315.5 meters. Using the formula d = vt, we can rearrange it to find t = d/v. Plugging in the values, we get t = 315.5 / 56.9 = 5.54 seconds.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A, 5.54 seconds.