Final answer:
The nature vs. nurture debate is about the relative influence of biological factors and social factors on human behavior, with both natural and social sciences recognizing their interplay.
Step-by-step explanation:
The debate that a biologist and a sociologist may disagree about regarding the relative importance of biology and the social environment is referred to as the nature vs. nurture debate. This debate centers on how biological factors and social factors influence human behavior. In the past, there was significant argument over whether genetics or the environment played the more critical role in shaping behavior and personality. However, contemporary understanding is that both elements contribute significantly, with mainstream natural sciences and social sciences acknowledging the interplay of nature and nurture in human development. In sociobiology, there's a focus on explaining behaviors through genetics and natural selection, but this is met with controversy, especially regarding human behavior where environmental factors are also deemed crucial.