Final answer:
A polyploid organism contains three or more sets of chromosomes, which is more than the diploid standard of two sets found in most eukaryotic organisms, such as humans.
Step-by-step explanation:
An organism that contains three or more sets of chromosomes is referred to as polyploid. Polyploidy often results in plants that are larger and more robust compared to those with a normal chromosome count. The most common form of polyploidy is one with an even number of chromosome sets, as odd-numbered sets can lead to sterility due to issues with meiosis.
In eukaryotic organisms, including animals and plants, the typical configuration is diploid, with two sets of chromosomes per cell. These organisms have somatic cells with homologous pairs of chromosomes that are identical in gene location and structure. In humans, for instance, each somatic cell has 46 chromosomes, two sets of 23, making them diploid or 2n, while gametes, such as sperm and eggs, are haploid with a single set of chromosomes, hence designated as n.
Polyploid organisms can present various ploidy levels. For example, some crops can show higher degrees of ploidy, a phenomenon that often results in desirable agricultural traits.