Final answer:
Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder identified in individuals with 44 autosomes and only one X chromosome, often resulting in distinctive physical features and sterility.
Step-by-step explanation:
A person with 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and no Y chromosome is said to have Turner syndrome. This condition, characterized by having a single sex chromosome (referred to as an XO genotype), manifests typically in phenotypical females. Individuals with Turner syndrome often have distinct physical features such as short stature, webbed neck skin, hearing and cardiac impairments, and they are generally sterile due to the lack of the necessary chromosome for ovarian development.