Final answer:
Scientific knowledge is continually built upon previous research through the use of the scientific method, which involves deductive and inductive reasoning. Researchers review existing literature to ensure their new studies are informed by and contribute to the cumulative body of scientific knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scientific knowledge is cumulative in that both the substantive findings and research techniques are built upon the results of prior studies. The process of knowledge accumulation in science is continuous, through the use of the scientific method, which includes the formulation of theories and hypotheses, empirical observation, and the testing of ideas against the real world. This method draws upon deductive reasoning, where ideas are tested in reality, and inductive reasoning, where real-world observations lead to new ideas.
Science operates under the premise that the natural world can be understood through structured investigation and that scientific concepts are subject to revision. The body of scientific knowledge expands and evolves over time as new discoveries are made and as old theories are confirmed or disproven. This is achieved through various approaches to research and a reliance on the evidence and logical reasoning to draw conclusions.