Final answer:
Distributive justice is a principle of how to fairly divide scarce resources in society, and it takes into account various moral frameworks and social theories.
Step-by-step explanation:
The consideration of how one provides for the fair and equitable division of scarce resources is known as Distributive Justice. It encompasses the moral principles that guide how goods and services should be distributed within a society. These principles can vary greatly based on different ideologies and may prioritize different approaches such as equality, equity, or the greatest overall benefit to society, as theorized by philosophers like Rawls with his Difference Principle. The critical questions that societies face include determining what constitutes basic needs, public vs. private resources, and the extent of government intervention in the distribution process. While some argue for distribution based on need, others advocate for merit-based systems that reward socially useful behavior or minimal governmental interference to promote personal freedom. All these considerations play a crucial role in social policies and the design of economic systems.