Final answer:
A programmed decision applies a known solution to a routine problem. They use heuristics or rules of thumb, as opposed to nonprogrammed decisions, which handle unique, complex issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
A programmed decision applies a solution from past experience to a routine problem. This type of decision-making is based on established procedures and rules developed from previous encounters with similar problems. Programmed decisions often involve applying heuristics or rules of thumb that guide decision-makers in quickly and efficiently coming to a resolution without the need for extensive processing of new information.
The opposite is a nonprogrammed decision, which is used for unique, non-routine, and complex problems that require creative and thoughtful solutions. These decisions often necessitate a deeper level of cognitive skills and cannot rely solely on past experiences or established rules.