Final answer:
The probability of a randomly selected passenger surviving the Titanic is calculated by dividing the total number of survivors by the total number of passengers, resulting in approximately 22.7%.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about the probability of randomly selecting a passenger from the Titanic and the passenger having survived. To calculate this probability, we need to find the total number of passengers who survived and divide it by the overall number of passengers. Looking at the given data, we can see that the number of men who survived is 341, the number of women who survived is 316, and the number of children who survived is 57. The total number of survivors is therefore 341 + 316 + 57, which equals 714.
The total number of passengers is the sum of all those who survived and those who did not, which can be calculated as (341 + 1326) for men, (316 + 109) for women, and (57 + 52) for children. This sums up to 3142 passengers in total. To find the probability of a passenger surviving, we then divide the number of survivors by the total number of passengers: 714 / 3142 = 0.227 or 22.7%.
Therefore, the probability of a randomly selected passenger having survived the Titanic is approximately 22.7%.