The components of population change typically include births, deaths, and net migration. The population change is often calculated as the difference between births and deaths, plus net migration.
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate is a critical factor influencing population growth or decline. If the birth rate exceeds the death rate, a population experiences natural increase, leading to population growth. Conversely, if the death rate surpasses the birth rate, a population may decline.
A high birth rate can contribute to population growth, especially in developing countries. Factors such as cultural norms, lack of access to contraception, and high fertility rates can result in a higher number of births.