Final answer:
Spyware is malware that monitors user behavior without their consent, collecting data like keystrokes and browsing history. It operates covertly, differentiating it from viruses, ransomware, and Trojan horses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of malware that monitors a user's behavior without their knowledge or permission is B. Spyware. Spyware is designed to collect information about an individual or organization without their consent. This malicious software can track and store users' keystrokes, web browsing history, and personal details. It often operates silently in the background with the user being unaware of its presence. Unlike spyware, a virus replicates itself and spreads to other computers, ransomware locks or encrypts data demanding a ransom to restore access, and a Trojan horse disguises itself as legitimate software while hiding its malicious intent.
Trojan horse is another type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate program or file in order to gain unauthorized access to a user's computer. While it can monitor a user's behavior, it requires the user to execute it willingly.