Question

Which disease is characterized by both DNA repair and transcription deficiencies, including sensitivity to the sun without elevated risks of cancer and a number of additional symptoms like brittle hair and scaly skin?

a. xeroderma pigmentosum
b. Cockayne syndrome
c. XP-V syndrome
d. trichothiodystrophy
e. colon cancer

Answer 1

Trichothiodystrophy is characterized by DNA repair and transcription deficiencies, including photosensitivity, but unlike Xeroderma Pigmentosum, it does not typically elevate skin cancer risks.

Step-by-step explanation:

The disease characterized by DNA repair and transcription deficiencies, sensitivity to the sun without elevated risks of cancer, and symptoms like brittle hair and scaly skin is Trichothiodystrophy. While Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is associated with a high risk of contracting skin cancer due to the inability to repair thymine dimers formed by UV light exposure, Trichothiodystrophy presents with similar photosensitivity but does not typically increase skin cancer risk. In XP, the nucleotide excision repair mechanism is defective, preventing the repair of UV-induced DNA damage, leading to skin lesions and high cancer susceptibility.