Final answer:
XML provides a standard format for data exchange and enables web services to pass data from one process to another, serving as a flexible way to create information formats and share structured data electronically.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking which technology provides a standard format for data exchange, specifically for enabling web services to pass data from one process to another. The correct answer is E) XML.
XML, or eXtensible Markup Language, is designed to store and transport data. It is a flexible way to create information formats and electronically share structured data. Unlike HTML, which is used to display data and focuses on how data looks, XML is used to describe data with focus on what data is. Java is a programming language and Chrome OS is an operating system; they are not used specifically for data exchange standards. HTML and HTML5 are markup languages primarily designed for creating web pages and applications but do not serve as data interchange formats in the way that XML does.