Final answer:
A study indicated that women are often shown as 1) submissive in advertising, reinforcing gender stereotypes and societal expectations of subordination. Media representations in television and movies influence gender socialization, portraying women in less significant roles or as extremes. These media portrayals contribute to inequality and biased perceptions in both media and workplace settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
A study by sociologist Anthony J. Cortese found that in advertising, women are frequently shown as being submissive. This pattern supports broader societal observations about gender stereotypes and the representation of women in mass media. For instance, television shows, advertising campaigns, and online game sites often depict women with a standardized look that is considered attractive by society, reinforcing stereotypes. Feminist perspective theorists argue that these idealized images are critical in maintaining and reinforcing societal stereotypes, contributing to inequality.
Mass media, including television and movies, often cast women in less significant roles or as stereotypes such as the wholesome mother or the hypersexual figure, indicating a persistent inequality in representation. Figures like these contribute to prescriptive stereotypes that restrict women's potential for leadership due to societal expectations of how they should behave. Such depictions can influence perceptions both in the media and the workplace, where assertive behavior by women may not be as well-received as similar behavior from men.
It is thus evident that the media plays a significant role in gender socialization, often showcasing women in positions that suggest subordination to men and emphasizing traditionally feminine roles associated with passivity and caregiving.