Final answer:
The central bank in the United States is the Federal Reserve System, which is the authority overseeing the nation's banking system and ensuring the stability of monetary policy.
Step-by-step explanation:
A central bank is a public authority that oversees a nation's banking system and conducts monetary policy to ensure economic stability. The central bank in the United States is known as the Federal Reserve System, frequently referred to simply as "the Fed." Established in 1913, the Federal Reserve serves multiple functions, which include regulating financial institutions, conducting monetary policy, providing financial services to the government, maintaining the payment system, and enforcing consumer protection laws.
Unlike most central banks, the Federal Reserve boasts a semi-decentralized structure, where the blend of government appointees and private-sector banking representatives is realized through a Board of Governors. This Board, made up of seven members appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, is charged with the duty of making policy decisions insulated from political pressure, as members serve for staggered 14-year terms and decisions do not require congressional approval.