Final answer:
Byzantine chant is typical of the religious singing of the Byzantine Empire, reflecting its Greek language and Christian faith traditions tied to the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Empire continued the legacy of Roman culture until its fall in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Byzantine chant is typical of the religious singing of the C) Byzantine Empire. This style of chant is directly associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church and was prominent within the regions under the Byzantine Empire's control. The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Its capital was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), previously known as Byzantium.
During its peak, the Byzantine Empire included lands around the eastern Mediterranean, spreading the Greek language and Christianity throughout these regions. The Byzantines saw themselves as the continuation of the proud Roman tradition, and even after the collapse of its Western counterpart, Byzantium preserved many Roman cultural practices and introduced significant contributions to art, like religious mosaics and the production of icons, which are stylized religious images, often set against gold backgrounds.
The Byzantine chant embodies the religious and cultural life of the Empire, carrying through it the legacy of both ancient Rome and the distinct Byzantine ethos that would influence many other medieval Christian societies and leave a lasting visual and musical legacy that continues to influence artists today. The Byzantine Empire ultimately fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453, marking the end of its millennial reign.