Question

For a process in which the final condition is more random than the initial condition, ΔSsys is______ (negative/positive) and entropy change is________ (unfavorable/favorable) for the process to be spontaneous.

Answer 1

In a process where the final condition is more random than the initial condition, the entropy change of the system is positive and favorable for the process to be spontaneous.

Step-by-step explanation:

In a process where the final condition is more random than the initial condition, ΔSsys is positive and the entropy change is favorable for the process to be spontaneous.

Entropy (S) is a measure of the disorder of a system, and it increases when the number of available microstates increases. When the final condition is more random than the initial condition, it means that the number of microstates has increased, leading to a positive change in entropy.

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of the universe increases in a spontaneous process, so a positive change in entropy (favorable) is required for a process to be spontaneous.