Final answer:
The correct answer is a) Matrix. A matrix organizational structure provides the advantage of sharing expert resources across multiple projects, enhancing efficiency and effective resource management.
Step-by-step explanation:
A major advantage of using a matrix placement for a project is that individual experts can be utilized by many different projects. Unlike the hierarchical or functional structures, a matrix organization allows for resources, such as experts, to be shared across teams and projects.
This means that specialized knowledge can be accessed by multiple projects without the need for duplication of roles. In a matrix structure, employees typically report to more than one boss - a functional manager and a project manager. This dual-reporting structure aims to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of project resource management.