Final answer:
The term sociologists use to refer to those members of society with greater power and privilege, who may engage in discrimination, is the 'Dominant group'. This group possesses more power and is in a position to disseminate unequal treatment towards subordinate groups, who lack comparative power and privilege.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Dominant and Subordinate Groups in Society, Sociologists define the dominant group in society as those members with greater power and privilege, who may engage in discrimination against less powerful groups.
Conversely, a minority group or subordinate group often refers to any group of people who are subject to differential and unequal treatment because of their physical or cultural characteristics. This concept was detailed by Louis Wirth in 1945, indicating that such groups are recognized not by their numerical representation but by their lack of power in society.
So, to address the student's question, sociologists would refer to those members of society with greater power and privilege as the C) Dominant group. This term correlates to their access to power and privilege and their ability to discriminate against subordinate groups, which lack equal power.
It's also important to note that sometimes larger groups can be considered subordinate due to their lack of power, as in the case of apartheid in South Africa, where the Black majority was oppressed by the White minority.