Final answer:
The transmitter portion of a neuron that relays a signal is the axon, which sends impulses through axon terminals at synapses, and the myelin sheath around the axon improves signal speed. The correct option is A) Axon
Step-by-step explanation:
The "transmitter" portion of a neuron that relays a signal is the axon. The axon is a long, thin extension of the cell body that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses toward other cells.
At the end of the axon, there are multiple axon terminals, where nerve impulses are transmitted to other cells, most commonly the dendrites of other neurons, through complex membrane junctions called synapses. These synaptic connections allow neurotransmitters to carry the signal from one neuron to the next. The myelin sheath, which is a layer of fatty material covering the axon, acts as an electrical insulator to increase the speed of signal transmission.
Each neuron typically has only one axon, but it can branch many times, enabling communication with multiple other neurons or cells, and furthering the complexity of neural networks within the nervous system. The correct option is A) Axon