Final answer:
The natural process that enabled the Egyptian civilization to thrive was the annual flooding of the Nile River, which deposited fertile silt and supported agriculture. Hence, the correct answer is option (C).
Step-by-step explanation:
The natural process that enabled the Egyptian civilization to thrive by leaving deposits of fertile silt is C) Flooding of the Nile River. The annual floods of the Nile River deposited rich, black silt known as Kemet onto the land, which created incredibly fertile fields essential for agriculture. This natural process allowed the Egyptians, who lived primarily along the Nile valley, to harness the nutrient-rich soil for farming, contributing significantly to the success of their civilization.
The predictable nature of the flooding provided a stable foundation for the development of structured, urbanized society and intricate irrigation systems to continually water crops. This bounty from the Nile enabled Egypt to become a cradle of civilization.