Final answer:
Biological emotion researchers are the group most likely to agree that emotions can arise from subcortical processes without necessarily involving the cortex, as supported by the work of Zajonc and LeDoux.
Step-by-step explanation:
The group of theorists most likely to agree with the statement "Emotions emanate from subcortical processing and may or may not include cortical involvement" are biological emotion researchers. This perspective is supported by the work of Robert Zajonc and Joseph LeDoux, both of whom suggested that some emotions can occur outside of cognitive processing.
Zajonc pointed to emotions that happen prior to cognitive interpretation, such as a gut reaction. LeDoux's research highlighted the amygdala's role in fear and demonstrated that some emotional responses bypass the cortex, moving directly from the thalamus to the amygdala for a faster response.
In contrast, cognitive psychologists focus on how thought processes affect emotions, behaviorists tend to concentrate on the relationship between external stimuli and behavioral responses without emphasizing the role of brain structures, and psychoanalysts delve into the influence of unconscious processes and early life experiences on emotions, which is not directly related to the subcortical versus cortical involvement in emotional processing.