Final answer:
Calcium supplements should be taken with meals to increase absorption, as stomach acids aid in the dissolution of the supplement. It is also beneficial to take the supplements with a full glass of water for ease of intake. Adequate vitamin D levels are essential for the absorption of calcium and bone health.
Step-by-step explanation:
To ensure absorption and effectiveness, calcium supplements should ideally be taken with meals. This aids better absorption since stomach acids, which are secreted in response to food intake, improve calcium solubility and uptake. Additionally, consuming your calcium supplement with a meal can also help prevent potential side effects such as constipation or upset stomach.
It is also suggested to take calcium supplements with a full glass of water to aid in swallowing and initial dissolution. However, taking calcium supplements on an empty stomach or before bedtime is not generally recommended, as these practices do not promote optimal absorption and can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort.
Furthermore, adequate vitamin D intake is essential as it plays a critical role in calcium absorption and bone health. Without sufficient vitamin D, the efficiency of calcium absorption in the intestines is dramatically reduced. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain an adequate level of vitamin D either through diet, supplementation, or sun exposure.