Final answer:
c. FOR UPDATE. The correct keyword that creates a shared lock on a table to prevent another user from making changes to data in specified columns is FOR UPDATE.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct keyword that creates a shared lock on a table to prevent another user from making changes to data in specified columns is FOR UPDATE.
When the FOR UPDATE keyword is used in a SQL SELECT statement, it acquires a shared lock on the selected rows, preventing any other user from modifying those rows until the lock is released. This is particularly useful in multi-user environments where data consistency is important.
For example, consider the following SQL statement:
SELECT * FROM table_name FOR UPDATE;
This statement will retrieve all the rows from table_name and place a shared lock on them, ensuring that no other user can modify the data until the lock is released.