Final answer:
The statement "Ionic bonds occur between atoms from adjacent chemical families in the periodic table." is b) false because ionic bonds typically occur between a metal and a non-metal, which are not necessarily from adjacent chemical families in the periodic table.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim that ionic bonds occur between atoms from adjacent chemical families in the periodic table is false. Ionic bonding typically occurs between a metal and a non-metal. These elements are not necessarily in adjacent chemical families because ionic bonds result from the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations (usually metals that lose electrons) and negatively charged anions (usually nonmetals that gain electrons). As a result, compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl), where sodium is a metal and chlorine is a non-metal, are formed through this type of bonding.
Ionic bonds are characterized by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to the formation of ions. This electron transfer happens because atoms strive to achieve more stable configurations, reminiscent of the noble gases with filled valence shells. The metal atoms become cations due to their loss of electrons, whereas non-metal atoms become anions upon gaining those electrons, causing an electrostatic attraction that forms the ionic bond.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B.